TRABAJO CIENTÍFICO
Preliminary survey and inventory of Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae (Diptera) in the province of Corrientes, Argentina, with new records of species with forensic importance
Estudio preliminar e inventario de Calliphoridae y Sarcophagidae (Diptera) en la provincia de Corrientes, Argentina, con nuevos registros de especies con importancia forense
Dufek, Matias I.1, Elena B. Oscherov1 & Pablo R. Mulieri2
1Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Biología de los Artrópodos, Av. Libertad 5470, Corrientes, Argentina. E-mail: matias.dufek@ gmail.com, eboscherov@yahoo.com.ar
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN) Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: mulierii@yahoo.com
Recibido: 23-II-2015
Aceptado: 21-IV-2015
ABSTRACT. This is the first study dealing with the diversity and distribution of Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae (Diptera) inhabiting the province of Corrientes, Argentina. The work was based on samplings at different locations within the Iberá Marshes and Mburucuyá National Park, bibliographic records, and the examination of materials deposited in several entomological collections. Seventeen species of Calliphoridae and 27 of Sarcophagidae were listed. Twenty five species are recorded for the first time from Corrientes. Four species, Argoravinia brasiliana (Lopes, 1988), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1830), Oxyvinia excisa (Lopes, 1950) and Peckia (Euboettcheria) pascoensis (Lopes, 1990), are cited for the first time in Argentina. A list of species recorded with forensic importance is also presented.
KEY WORDS: Calyptratae; Diversity; Forensic entomology; New records; Oestroidea.
RESUMEN. Este es el primer estudio que presenta un inventario faunístico de Calliphoridae y Sarcophagidae (Diptera) de la provincia de Corrientes, Argentina. El trabajo se basó en muestreos realizados en diferentes lugares dentro de los Esteros del Iberá y el Parque Nacional Mburucuyá, en registros bibliográficos, y en el examen de material depositado en varias colecciones entomológicas. Se enumeran 17 especies de Calliphoridae y 27 de Sarcophagidae de la provincia de Corrientes. Veinticinco especies son registradas por primera vez de Corrientes. Cuatro de estas, Argoravinia brasiliana (Lopes, 1988), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1830), Oxyvinia excisa (Lopes, 1950) y Peckia (Euboettcheria) pascoensis (Lopes, 1990), se registran por primera vez de la Argentina. Además se destaca la relevancia forense y sanitaria de las especies registradas de la provincia.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Calyptratae; Diversidad; Entomología forense; Nuevos registros; Oestroidea.
INTRODUCTION
Among Oestroidea, families Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae contain numerous species of medical and veterinary importance. The Calliphoridae, which is comprised of approximately 150 genera, with over 1000 species described worldwide (Shewell, 1987), is represented by less than 100 species in the Neotropical region, most of them having necrophagous habits (Mulieri et al., 2014). Sarcophagidae is a biologically diverse group, including more than 3100 species in 173 genera, with a rich Neotropical fauna comprised of more than 800 species (Mello-Patiu et al., 2014). Both families are among the most important groups as forensic indicators (Carvalho & Mello-Patiu, 2008; Aballay et al., 2011; Mulieri et al., 2012; Alves et al., 2014); and include the existence of species causing myiasis (Mariluis, 2002a; Olea et al., 2014).
In the last decades, the knowledge of the diversity of Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae has steadily increased in Argentina (e.g. Buenos Aires or the Patagonian provinces) (Mello-Patiu et al., 2014; Mulieri et al., 2014), but there are still large areas of the country that remains unexplored. One of these areas is the province of Corrientes, located in the northeast of Argentina (27° 08' S, 58° 50' W). This province has an area of 88,199 km2, and four ecoregions are represented in it: Paranaense Province, Humid Chaco, Espinal and Paraná flooded savanna (Olson et al., 2001). These biogeographic convergences make of this area an interesting site for the study of Calyptratae due to its diversified landscape structure (Cabrera, 1976).
The available information regarding the distribution of Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae is uneven in Argentina, although in the case of the province of Corrientes there are very few data. Garcia (1959) listed the species of Calliphoridae in Argentina, but only one of them was recorded form Corrientes. Mariluis (1982) increased to four species the records of this province. Later, Mariluis & Mulieri (2003) recorded a total of 25 calliphorid species for the country, nine of which were recorded from Corrientes. Early researches on Sarcophagidae from Argentina were made by Bréthes (1916, 1920), Blanchard (1939, 1942, 1955) and Mariluis (2002b, 2002c, 2004, 2005, 2006) but the family remains poorly known. New contributions on systematic and biology of this family have been recently published by Mulieri et al. 2010; Mulieri & Mariluis, 2011; Mulieri & Mello-Patiu, 2013. Recently, Mello-Patiu et al. (2014) published a check list of 131 species present in Argentina, of which only 10 are recorded in Corrientes.
The aim of this paper is to update the knowledge on the diversity of Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae inhabiting the province of Corrientes, and to discuss medical and veterinary potential impact of these species.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This work is based on specimens collected in different locations of the Ibera Marshes and Mburucuyá National Park. This information was supplemented by two additional sources of data: bibliographic records and the examination of materials deposited in entomological collections.
The bibliographical information was obtained from the following works: Aldrich (1930), Blanchard (1938, 1939, 1942), Bréthes (1907), Buenaventura & Pape (2013), García (1959), Mariluis & Mulieri (2003), Mello-Patiu et al. (2014), Mulieri et al. (2010), Olea et al. (2011), Pape (1996), Vairo et al. (2011), Whitworth (2014).
The entomological collections studied were from: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina (UNNE); Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara, Buenos Aires, Argentina (CFA); Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (FAUBA); Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Buenos Aires, Argentina (MACN); Museo de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina (MLP).
Study Area (Fig. 1)
Fig. 1. Map of Argentina illustrating Corrientes province and its ecoregions. Locations of experimental samples: 1, Cambyretá; 2, Capitá Miní; 3, Estancia El Dorado; 4, Galarza; 5, Mburucuyá National Park; 6, San Miguel; 7, San Nicolás.
The Ibera Marshes are located in the north-central province of Corrientes covering an area of over 12000 km2. It is one of the largest wetlands in South America (Bonetto & Hurtado, 1998; De Neiff & Neiff, 2006). Its extension is framed by three Biogeographical districts: the Humid Chaco, the Paranaense province and the Espinal (Morrone, 2014). The experimental samples were taken at different locations within the Ibera Marshes: Cambyretá (27º 52´ 6.3" S, 56º 52´ 49.6" W), Capitá Miní (28º 56´ 23" S, 58º 22´ 22.6" W), Estancia El Dorado (28º 44´ 25.4" S, 58º 7´ 36.4" W), Galarza (28º 6´ 7.5" S, 56º 40´ 46.6" W), San Miguel (27º 59' 42.7" S, 57º 35' 25.9" W) and San Nicolás (28º 10´ 40.6" S, 57º 26´ 50.9" W).
The Mburucuyá National Park is located in the Humid Chaco Province, northwest of Corrientes province, between latitudes 57° 59´ and 58° 08´ W and 27° 58´ and 26° 05´ S, about 11 kilometres from the town of Mburucuyá.
Methodology used
Flies were collected using Van Someren-Rydon canopy traps (Rydon, 1964) with two different baits: rotten squid or bananas fermented with yeast. The traps were placed in forests and were suspended 2 m from ground level. At each collection localities, six traps were used, three with each bait type for 48 hours. Sampling was conducted during summer months, from November 2012 to October 2014. We sorted and pinned the specimens and, in the case of Sarcophagidae, the male terminalia was exposed with entomology pins according to the technique described by Dahlem & Naczi (2006).
Identification of specimens
The determination of the specimens was carried out following keys Rognes & Paterson (2005), Silva et al. (2012), Olea & Mariluis (2013), Whitworth (2014), Irish et al. (2014) and Mulieri et al. (2014) for Calliphoridae. For the classification of Sarcophagidae the following keys are used Lopes & Tibana (1987), Mulieri et al. (2010), Vairo et al. (2011), Buenaventura & Pape (2013) and Mello-Patiu et al. (2014). The identification is also supported by comparison with reference specimens deposited in the MACN.
The work of Alves et al. (2014) was used for the classification of forensically important insects. Additional references on medical importance of species are cited in text.
RESULTS
Nine species of Calliphoridae and 10 of Sarcophagidae were previously cited in the province of Corrientes. Through this work the number of species is increased to 17 and 27 respectively. Twenty-five species are recorded for the first time in the province of Corrientes, four of which are new records form Argentina. A total of 270 specimens were analyzed, 221 collected with traps and 49 specimens studied from entomological collections.
The number of species only recorded from bibliographical sources (i.e. not obtained in samples and entomological collections) was five Calliphoridae and six Sarcophagidae. On the other hand, 32 of the 44 species listed for Corrientes in this work were previously associated to carcasses and corpses, and consequently considered important from a forensic point of view (Table I).
Table I. List of species recorded in Corrientes (from samples, bibliography and entomological collections) with references to forensic and medical importance.
Material examined
Family Calliphoridae
Subfamily Calliphorinae
Calliphora lopesi Mello, 1962
Specimen examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 1 female, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes (new record).
Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann, 1830)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 1 female, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Corrientes City, III-2006, 1 female, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Miguel, 26-X-2014, 4 males, 3 females, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes (new record), Entre Ríos, Salta.
Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1819)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 2 females, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 2 females, 1 male, trap baited with banana, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Nicolás, 20-XI-2012, 1 female, 2 males, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Misiones, Tucumán.
Lucilia ochricornis (Wiedemann, 1830)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 4 females, 3 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Corrientes City, IV-2006, 1 male, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 1 female, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 3 females, 2 males, trap baited with squid, 2 females, trap baited with banana, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Nicolás, 20-XI-2012, 2 females, 2 males, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Corrientes (new record), Entre Ríos, Jujuy, Misiones, Tucumán.
Note: According to the distribution provided by Whitworth (2014) for L. cluvia (Walker, 1849) the presence of this species in the province of Corrientes would be due to misidentification of L. ochricornis by Mariluis & Mulieri (2003). In this work L. ochricornis is registered for the first time in the province of Corrientes.
Subfamily Chrysomyinae
Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Corrientes City, III-2006, 1 female, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 1 female, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Nicolás, 20-XI.2012, 1 female, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Chaco, Córdoba, Corrientes, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Santa Fe.
Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 6 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 6 females, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 6 females, 2 males, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Miguel, 26-X-2014, 1 female, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); San Nicolás, 20-XI-2012, 5 females, 2 males, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Chaco, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Formosa, Misiones, Río Negro, Salta, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán.
Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 7 females, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 5 females, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 8 females, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Miguel, 26-X-2014, 5 females, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); San Nicolás, 20-XI-2012, 6 females, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); Mburucuyá National Park, 01-V-2010, 3 females, trap baited with squid, V. Fernández (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Corrientes (new record), Misiones, Río Negro, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucumán.
Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 1 female, 3 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 2 males, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Miguel, 26-X-2014, 11 females, 8 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes (new record), Misiones, Santa Fe, Tucumán.
Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1830)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 1 female, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Corrientes City, III-2006, 2 females, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 3 females, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Miguel, 26-X-2014, 6 females, 3 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); San Nicolás, 20-XI-2012, 4 females, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record).
Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart, 1843)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 2 females, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 1 female, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record).
Chloroprocta idioidea (Robineau Desvoidy, 1830)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 2 females, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 9 females, 2 males, trap baited with banana, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); San Nicolás, 20-XI-2012, 6 females, 4 males, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record), Misiones.
Subfamily Toxotarsinae
Sarconesia chlorogaster (Wiedemann, 1830)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Corrientes City, III-2006, 2 females, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Chubut, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, Mendoza, Río Negro, San Luis, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, Tucumán.
Family Sarcophagidae
Subfamily Sarcophaginae
Argoravinia brasiliana (Lopes, 1988)
Specimen examined: Corrientes. San Cayetano, 13-II-2009, 1 male, L. Patitucci (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record).
Argoravinia rufiventris (Wiedemann, 1830)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. I-1939, 2 males (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record), Misiones.
Oxysarcodexia admixta (Lopes, 1933)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 3 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Mburucuyá National Park, 1-V-2010, 2 males, trap baited with banana, V. Fernández (UNNE); San Miguel, 28-X-2014, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record), Misiones.
Oxysarcodexia avuncula (Lopes, 1933)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 3 males, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); Mburucuyá National Park, 1-V-2010, 1 male, trap baited with banana, V. Fernández (UNNE); III-1938, 1 male D'Angelo (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record), Misiones.
Oxysarcodexia confusa Lopes, 1946
Specimen examined: Corrientes. Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record), Misiones.
Oxysarcodexia culmiforceps Dodge, 1966
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 1 male, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE); Iberá Marshes, VIII-1997, 3 males, Korob (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes (new record), Entre Ríos, Misiones.
Oxysarcodexia marina (hall, 1938)
Specimen examined: Corrientes. X-1938, 1 male (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes (new record), Mendoza.
Oxysarcodexia paulistanensis (Mattos, 1919)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Iberá Marshes, VIII-1997, 1 male, Korob (MACN); San Miguel, 28-X-2014, 2 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Corrientes (new record), Entre Ríos, Mendoza, Tucumán.
Oxysarcodexia thornax (Walker, 1849)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Ituzaingó, XII-1976, 1 male, J. C. Mariluis (MACN); Mburucuyá National Park, 1-V-2010, 1 male, trap baited with banana, V. Fernández (UNNE); San Cayetano, 13-II-2009, 1 male, L. Patitucci (MACN); San Miguel, 28-X-2014, 6 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); IV-1942, 1 male (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Corrientes, Jujuy, Misiones, Tucumán.
Oxysarcodexia varia (Walker, 1836)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Goya, III-1974, 1 female (CFA); Ituzaingó, 10-X-1978, 1 female, 1 male, J. C. Mariluis (MACN); Parada Pucheta, 13-VI-1927, 1 female (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes (new record), Mendoza, Neuquén, Tucumán.
Oxivinia excisa (Lopes, 1950)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Galarza, 22-XI-2012, 1 male, trap baited with squid, E. B. Oscherov (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record).
Peckia (Euboettcheria) australis (Townsend, 1927)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Capitá Miní, 06-III-2014, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); San Miguel, 28-X-2014, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record), Misiones.
Peckia (Euboettcheria) collusor (Curran & Walley, 1934)
Specimen examined: Corrientes. Ituzaingó, 2-V-1977, 1 male, Crouzel (MLP).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record), Misiones.
Peckia (Euboettcheria) pascoensis (Lopes, 1990)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record).
Peckia (Pattonella) resona (Lopes, 1935)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 4 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Misiones.
Peckia (Peckia) enderleini (Engel, 1931)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Cambyretá, 06-XI-2013, 7 males, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Estancia El Dorado, 13-XII-2013, 1 male, trap baited with squid, M. I. Dufek (UNNE); Ituzaingó, XII-1976, 2 females, 10 males, J. C. Mariluis (MACN); San Cayetano, 13-II-2009, 1 female, L. Patitucci (MACN); San Miguel, 28-X-2014, 3 males, trap baited with squid, M I. Dufek (UNNE); Mburucuyá National Park, 01-V-2010, 1 male, trap baited with squid, V. Fernández (UNNE).
Distribution in Argentina: Chaco, Corrientes (new record), Misiones, Tucumán.
Ravinia advena (Walker, 1853)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. Ituzaingó, XII-1976, 1 male, J. C. Mariluis (MACN); X-1938, 1 male (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes (new record), Misiones, Salta.
Ravinia aureopyga (hall, 1928)
Specimens examined: Corrientes. San Roque, II-1920, 1 female (MACN); I-1939, 2 females, 4 males (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Corrientes (new record), Chaco, Entre Ríos, Santa Fe.
Ravinia belforti (Prado & Fonseca, 1932)
Specimen examined: Corrientes. San Cayetano, 13-II-2009, 1 male, L. Patitucci (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes, Misiones.
Note: Blanchard (1939) records R. sueta (Wulp, 1895) of material from Corrientes. However, Lopes & Leite (1991) indicate that Blanchard's record attributed to that species corresponds to R. belforti.
Tricharaea (Sarcophagula) occidua (Fabricius, 1794).
Specimen examined: Corrientes. Mercedes, Paraje Boquerón, 1 male (FAUBA).
Distribution in Argentina: Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Ríos.
Udamopyga setigena (Enderlein, 1928)
Specimen examined: Corrientes. X-1938, 1 male (MACN).
Distribution in Argentina: Corrientes (new record), Misiones.
DISCUSSION
Northeastern Argentina has some of the most biodiverse and threatened ecoregions of the country due to land conversion for agriculture, logging, industrialization and urban growth (Dinerstein et al., 1995). Calyptratae flies are one of the most diverse insect groups, however, there is little information regarding the Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae fauna of the studied area. The results of this study will help to better understand the regional diversity and distribution of Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae. This is the first study that deals exclusively with species of both families focusing in the province of Corrientes, Argentina.
In large parts of the world and for the majority of species, data describing distributions are scarce. Museums, biological collections and the historical literature offer a vast source of information on distributions (Newbold, 2010). For the purpose of this study, the information exclusively obtained from natural history museums added nine species. These results highlight the importance of collections and museums of natural history to supplement information from sampling, allowing a better description of diversity of a particular area.
Regarding the forensic importance of both families, the use of Calliphoridae as forensic indicators is well known in Argentina (Oliva, 1997; Centeno et al., 2002; Battán-Horenstein et al., 2005; Aballay et al., 2008). By contrast, the Sarcophagidae associated to cadavers were identified to genus-level (Battán-Horenstein et al., 2005; Aballay et al., 2008), with the exception of a few works dealing with Microcerella spp Macquart, 1851 and Sarcophaga spp Meigen, 1826 (Oliva, 1997; Mulieri et al., 2012). In addition, myiasis-causing species have been previously cited in the province of Corrientes, as L. sericata and C. hominivorax (Del Ponte, 1958; Mariluis & Guarnera, 1983), however, to date there are no studies that refer to the damage they can cause to humans and cattle at a local scale.
Data collected on both families can be used to develop forensic applications at a regional scale or to control recognize pest species.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Part of this research was funded by the Secretaría General de Ciencia y Técnica, Programa Iberá + 10 (12IF04) Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, and FONCyT (Grant PICT 2012 Nº 0231). We are grateful to Luciano D. Patitucci for his valuable help during the work in MACN.
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