Abstract

GALLEGOS BARRERA, Catherine E  and  CHIRIBOGA-PONCE, Rosa F. Prevalencia del antígeno D “débil” y su clasificación fenotípica en donantes voluntarios de sangre. Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam. [online]. 2020, vol.54, n.1, pp.55-60. ISSN 0325-2957.

In the field of transfusion medicine, the correct identification of the phenotypes of the Rh system and especially of the D antigen must be unequivocal for clinical relevance. The D antigen has variants called partial D, weak D and DEL. These are produced by mutations of the RHD/RHCE alleles or a suppression in phenotypic expression. The objective of this study was to establish the frequency of weak D antigen in the population of blood donours from 17 Ecuadorian states and their phenotypic combinations. It was a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study performed during the 2011-2014 period and validated with primary records in accordance with the Hernández-Sampieri R protocol. A descriptive statistics through the application of SPSS computer software version 22.0 was used and the relationship between independent variables through the Chi-square statistic method was established. A prevalence of RhD negative donours from 1.8 to 2.5% and weak D 1.79 to 2.28% was observed The serological phenotyping made it possible to identify that type 2 and 5 were the most frequent. The presence of alloimmunization by anti-D, anti-C and anti-E was also established. Besides, the presence of weak D types and significant alloimmunization in the donour population of blood typed as D negative and weak was established, so it is recommended to implement an algorithm for the identification of D antigen in transfusional medicine services.

Keywords : D antigen; Rh phenotyping; Prevalence of D antigen; Weak D antigen.

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