Abstract

PEREZ AGUILAR, Rossana Cristina; OLDANO, Ana Verónica; AVILA, Mariela Noemí  and  LUCIARDI, Héctor Lucas. Biochemistry markers in detection and risk staging of chronic kidney disease progression. Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam. [online]. 2020, vol.54, n.4, pp.383-393. ISSN 0325-2957.

Progressive loss of renal structure and function define chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is silent in early stages but leads to renal failure and premature cardiovascular mortality. Investigation of renal function and injury markers allows CKD early detection and progression risk evaluation. A total of 73 apparently healthy volunteers, both sexes, asymptomatic with risk factors, from 20 to 70 years old were studied compared to the control population without risk factors. Clinical histories, anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were evaluated. Serum creatinine was analyzed with enzymatic and kinetic methods. Estimated glomerular filtration was calculated with CKD-EPI, MDRD-IDMS and MDRD-4 equations, urinary creatinine by kinetics method and albuminuria by immunoturbidimetry. Serum and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were investigated by ELISA. Population risk factors analyzed showed 66% overweight, 34% hypertensive and 31% smoking patients. CKD risk progression was staged with estimated glomerular filtration and albuminuria, according to KDIGO 2012. Population showed 87% patients in low CKD risk, 12% with moderate risk, and only 1% with high risk progression. Serum NGAL showed significant differences with respect to the control group, 11.65 vs 5.4 ng/mL (p<0,05), and increases in different categories as progression risk increases. CKD detection of asymptomatic patients with modifiable risk factors, in reversible early stages, will allow implementing actions that delay associated cardiovascular complications and disease progression to advanced stages.

Keywords : Chronic kidney disease; Early detection; Biochemistry markers.

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