Abstract

SANGUINETTI, Javier  and  PASTORE, Hernán. Abundancia poblacional y manejo del jabalí (Sus scrofa): una revisión global para abordar su gestión en la Argentina . Mastozool. neotrop. [online]. 2016, vol.23, n.2, pp.305-323. ISSN 0327-9383.

Wild boar (Sus scrofa) is one of the most harmful non-native species whose man­agement is a worlwide priority. However, in Argentina demographic and management experience is practically absent. In this work we reviewed population densities and management results for wild boar in different biomes and habitats at world scale in order to alert about the demographic potential of this species in the Argentine eco-regions and to propose effective management options in each case. We reviewed 162 publications about wild boar populations and 30 about management where the species was native or exotic, inside or outside pro­tected areas, or at islands or in mainland. The mean value of wild boar density obtained from our review was 7 (range 0.01-115; N = 273 records) ind /km². Most density records (55%) were within 0-3 ind/km² range, while 33 and 12% fell within 4-13 ind/km2 and more than 13 ind/km² ranges, respectively. Wild boar is apparently more abundant in tropical and subtropical (rainforest, forest and savannas) biomes, more as an exotic species than as native, more on islands than in mainland, and more within protected areas. The eradication is possible if effective control methods are applied at isolated populations (within islands) or at those recently established, and removes annually 90% or more of the total individuals. Population control is possible if a combination of effective methods removes annually 60-70% of the individuals. Based on the analysis of published densities records and population regulation factors for wild boar, we discuss the potential demographic scenarios for each of the eco-regions in Argentina and the management options to minimize the expected environmental and socioeconomic impacts for the future.

Keywords : Biome; Control methods; Density; Eco-region; Impacts.