Abstract

VALDIVIA ORTIZ DE ZARATE, Verónica. Subversión, coerción y consenso: violencia estatal en el Chile del siglo XX. Bol. Inst. Hist. Argent. Am. Dr. Emilio Ravignani [online]. 2020, n.53, pp.181-205. ISSN 0524-9767.  http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34096/bol.rav.n53.8017.

This paper analyzes State repression in Chile between 1925 and the Pinochet coup of 1973. Its thesis holds that these practices emanated from political matters left unresolved by the 1925 Constitution and the political agreements of 1932, regarding the role of the State, the scope and nature of social rights, and the political inclusion of Marxist parties. In other words, there was a lack of consensus around a common national agenda. Because systemic threats were of a peculiar, legally institutionalized nature, coercive measures were left to the police, keeping the armed forces away from domestic issues at least until the 1950s. This situation mutated in the 1960s, when the growth of popular mobilization, the challenge to property rights, and the Marxist victory in the 1970 presidential election rendered pre-existing methods ineffective, driving right-wing forces to demand anti-socialist military intervention.

Keywords : Subversion; Coercion; Violence; State.