Abstract

AMERIO, Natalia S et al. Trichoderma in Argentina: State of art. Ecol. austral [online]. 2020, vol.30, n.1, pp.113-124. ISSN 1667-782X.

The methodologies applied in agricultural and agroforestry systems management have great impacts on food production and biodiversity conservation. Diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi are one of the major problems in the agriculture of Argentina. The need to find mechanisms that increase the productivity of agricultural and agroforestry systems has driven the search for less risky and more environmentally friendly control strategies of agricultural diseases. Trichoderma fungus is one of the most commonly used agents in biological control programs as a phytopathogenic fungi regulator. This review aims to compile all the available information regarding the state of art of Trichoderma in Argentina as a biological control agent, in order to reference different institutions of the country that focus their research on this fungus. Nearly 70 groups, representing universities and research institutes, have described approximately ten different species of Trichoderma with antagonistic capacity associated to 35 crops and 40 pathogens. The most used Trichoderma species as a biological control agent is Trichoderma harzianum, followed by Trichoderma koningii and Trichderma viride. Currently, there are around 14 bioproducts in the argentine market whose active principles are strains of Trichoderma. The growing initiatives of the national institutions on these studies are crucial for the development of innovative technologies to achieve a more productive and environmentally sustainable agriculture for the country.

Keywords : Agriculture; Agronomic crops; Biological control; Phytopathogen.

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