Abstract

RODRIGUEZ, Javier et al. Application of the law of Zipf-Mandelbrot to the diagnosis of normal and acute cardiac dynamics. Salud(i)Ciencia [online]. 2020, vol.23, n.8, pp.612-618.  Epub Apr 10, 2020. ISSN 1667-8682.  http://dx.doi.org/www.dx.doi.org/10.21840/siic/159579.

Background: The capacity of statistical fractals in the evaluation of the complexity of different systems whose dynamics can be evaluated from the frequencies of a variable is known. This is why the measure of the statistical fractal dimension is used, which can be calculated with the Zipf-Mandelbrot law, this mathematical law has been applied in cardiology evaluating the degree of complexity of cardiac dynamics. In the present work, the Zipf-Mandelbrot law was applied together with the diagnostic methodology previously developed to evaluate normal cardiac dynamics and acute disease. Material and methods: 15 Holter records were taken; 10 with normal diagnosis and 5 with acute pathologies of patients of the Intensive Care Unit. The frequencies of occurrence of the heart frequencies of each dynamics were organized hierarchically in ranges of 15 lat/min, in search of the hyperbolic behavior required for the application of the law of Zipf-Mandelbrot. Subsequently, a linearization was performed and the statistical fractal dimension was obtained for each dynamics. Results: The values of the statistical fractal dimension for acute cardiac dynamics varied between 0.4925 and 0.6061, whereas for normal dynamics they varied between 0.7134 and 0.9749, evidencing the differentiation between both groups. Conclusions: The statistical fractal behavior of the cardiac dynamics was corroborated, as well as the loss of complexity for the acute dynamics with respect to the normal dynamics.

Keywords : electrocardiography ambulatory; acute heart disease; fractals; heart rate; intensive care unit.

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