Abstract

SOUZA,, Alex Sandro Rolland et al. Prevalence, clinical and epidemiological profile and birth data of pregnant women with fetuses with microcephaly. Salud(i)Ciencia [online]. 2020, vol.24, n.3, pp.117-122. ISSN 1667-8682.  http://dx.doi.org/www.dx.doi.org/10.21840/siic/160343.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and to describe the clinical and epidemiological profiles and the birth data of pregnant women with fetuses with microcephaly. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study, including all pregnant women with a prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of a fetus with microcephaly, attended in the period from October 2015 to July 2017 in the Setor de Medicina Fetal do Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP). For the descriptive analysis we calculated measures of central tendency and dispersion if the variables are numerical, and constructed tables of distribution of frequency, if categorical. Results: The profile of pregnant women infected with the Zika virus were young women, educated, without previous abortions, number of prenatal consultations within the recommended quantity, with updated vaccination, and having used folic acid during pregnancy. The Zika virus can include skin rash, fever, itching, body aches or joints, eye pain, and coryza. The mean gestational age of symptomatology was 15.2 weeks. Ultrasonographic features showed ventriculomegaly, small fetus for gestational age, and intracranial calcifications, among other cerebral morphological alterations. The neonates with microcephaly were live normal births, with a mean length of 45.7 cm, a mean head circumference of 29.1 cm, a mean chest circumference of 31.8 cm, and a birth weight of 2828 g. Conclusion: It is important to make an early diagnosis of pregnancy, family planning, search for new epidemiological evidence to guide the investigation of the possible etiological hypotheses determining microcephaly.

Keywords : zika virus; pregnant women; microcephaly; arbovirus infections; prenatal diagnosis.

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