Abstract

GOMEZ, Sebastián. Notes about Justa Ezpeleta and Elsie Rockwell’s itineraries in the 60, 70 and 80’s. The uses of Antonio Gramsci in the construction of an educational ethnography. Astrolabio [online]. 2021, n.26, pp.373-401.  Epub 01, 2021. ISSN 1668-7515.  http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55441/1668.7515.n26.24974.

At the interface between intellectual history and sociology of education, the article addresses the uses of Antonio Gramsci made by the Argentinian Justa Ezpeleta and the Mexican Elsie Rockwell in the 70s and the 80s in the framework of the structuring of a critical educational ethnographic from the Department of Educational Research (DIE, which stands for Departamento de Investigaciones Educativas in Spanish), Federal District (Mexico).

During the 60s/70s, in a context marked by political and theoretical radicalization, the academic training of Rockwell and Ezpeleta was settled. This context allowed them a creative approach to the critical paradigm and innovative educational experiences. With the irruption of the 1976 civic-military coup in Argentina, Ezpeleta will seek refuge in the Federal District and will find his place of work in DIE. Rockwell had worked at that institution since 1973, committed to the preparation and monitoring of textbooks. DIE will be the meeting place between Ezpeleta and Rockwell where they will show a unique line of research: critical educational ethnography. Although it had a history, the authors established an original perspective. Among his theoretical references, Gramsci's thought of wide political and academic circulation stood out during the 70s and the 80s in Mexico. The article considers that in the construction of educational ethnography, the Gramscian writings were used on four levels: (a) to base the epistemological perspective; (b) elucidate the historicity of the link between State, civil society and school institution; (c) analyze the daily presences of the junior classes in the school; (d) lay the foundations for an educational political project based on autonomy and popular prominence.

Although the reception of Gramsci in Mexico during the 70s and 80s is increasingly being investigated, the educational level constitutes a vacancy. The article exposes results produced through qualitative strategies and methodological techniques.

Keywords : Educational ethnography; Antonio Gramsci; Department of Educational Research; Justa Ezpeleta; Elsie Rockwell.

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