Abstract

GALLO, C; ENRICO, J.M; CRAVIOTO, R  and  ARANGO, M. Variabilidad de la viabilidad y vigor de lotes de semillas de soja con presencia de simientes verdes pertenecientes a cultivares de distintos grupos de maduración producidos en dos fechas de siembra. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2012, vol.38, n.2, pp.133-140. ISSN 1669-2314.

Temperatures over 32ºC combined with hydric stress during soybean seed filling can cause the appearance of green seeds. These seeds can cause occasional failures in lot germination, problems during conditioning and difficulties in storing. The objectives of the present work were to determine the physiological quality of soybean seed lots belonging to different maturity groups sown in two planting dates and with different contents of green seeds, and to estimate the viability and vigor of the green seeds. Five seed lots from early planting maturity groups III and IV cultivars were utilized, with different % of green seeds (4, 11, 16, 38 and 53%) and 5 lots of late planting maturity groups VI and VII, with 3, 7, 11, 13 and 19% of green seeds. Physiological quality was evaluated using the Topographical Tetrazolium Test. Four repetitions of 50 seeds were used for each cultivar. The percentage of environmental damage was ≥ 52% in all cultivars. In seeds from early planting maturity groups, environmental damages were extensive and located in the embryonic axis. In seeds from late planting maturity groups, environmental lesions were less extensive and superficial. Green seeds that were not stained in the TTT were classified as non-viable. All the material evaluated showed a high percentage of environmental damage, but the MG III and IV cultivars presented the greatest critical damage. Green seeds can be viable when the embryonic axis and the proximal area where it joins the cotyledons do not present deep or physiological damage.

Keywords : Quality; Seed; Glycine max; Tetrazolium; Environment.

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