Abstract

ABRIL, A; NOE, L  and  FILIPPINI, M.F. Manejo de enmiendas para restaurar la materia orgánica del suelo en oasis de regadío de mendoza, argentina. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2014, vol.40, n.1, pp.83-91. ISSN 1669-2314.

The irrigated agriculture in dry areas promotes the soil organic matter (MO) losses, for this reason, the soils are usually treated with organic amendments with the aim of restoring MO content and enhancing nutrient availability. However, the success of this practice is not always conclusive. We make a comparative analysis among four assays with different organic amendment application systems (agricultural practice, amendment type, doses, frequency and application techniques; and chemical fertilizer mix) in the irrigation areas of Mendoza (Argentina), with the objective of determining the most adequate application technique to restore the different MO fractions (non-humic substances, and humic and fulvic acids).The MO content increased in the 40% of total analyzed cases (n=92) and did not was modified in the rest, whereas the fulvic acid contents also increased in the 40%, but decreased in the 30% of the total cases. Contrarily, the humic acid content underwent more losses than increases (39% vs. 26% of the total cases). These differences are explained by agricultural practice and amendment application techniques. We concluded that: a) all amendment application practices increase the MO for short periods of time; b) the surface amendment application (without tillage) increase the humified MO for short periods of time, and c) the water irrigation with high organic residues content decrease the amendment positive effects on MO. Accordingly, the recommend management practices for soil MO restoration in irrigation areas of Mendoza are to increase the doses and frequency of amendment applications and reduce the tillage practice and the waste water use.

Keywords : Humic acids; Compost; Vermicompost; Manure; Irrigation.

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