Abstract

MALDONADO, L.M et al. Clasificación geográfica de propóleos de Tucumán utilizando parámetros físicoquímicos y análisis quimiométrico. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2018, vol.44, n.3, pp.324-332. ISSN 1669-2314.

Propolis is a product made by bees, mixing resinous substances that collect from certain vegetables with pollen, impurities and their wax. It is used in food, cosmetics and personal hygiene, in veterinary medicine and even in humans. In the last years, beekeeping in Argentina has spread to extrapampean regions of great biodiversity, so the objectives of this work were: a) evaluate physico chemical parameters of propolis produced in three localities of the Tucumán province: Amaicha del Valle, Famaillá and Leales, b) apply the chemometric analysis to establish if they have patterns related to their geographical origin that allow to differentiate them. 44 samples were analyzed, determining the physic chemical pa- rameters: waxes, resins, mechanical impurities, total phenols and total flavonoids according to the IRAM-INTA 15935-1 standard. For the chemometric analysis, the principal components, cluster and discriminant analyzes were applied. The results obtained for the physical and chemical parameters showed agreement with others previously reported for propolis from northwestern Argentina, and also that those of Amaicha del Valle are associated with the content of mechanical impurities and total flavonoids, those of Leales with the waxes and those of Famaillá with resins and total phenols. In contrast to the requirements established in the Argentine Food Code, it turns out that all can be exploited, either processed or as raw propolis. The samples could be separated into two conglomerates and the physical-chemical parameters showed their discriminating capacity with respect to the geographical origin, which would allow to classify new samples in one of the three localities considered.

Keywords : Propolis; Geographical origin; Differentiation; Value added; Beekeeping; Tucumán.

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