Abstract

BOGADO, F et al. Acción local de vacunas elaboradas con veneno de Bothrops alternatus en equinos productores de suero antiofídico. Rev. vet. [online]. 2014, vol.25, n.2, pp.114-119. ISSN 1669-6840.

The aim of this work was to study the local effects caused by successive vaccines prepared with Bothrops alternatus venom, in a group of three horses immunized for the production of monovalent antivenom. Freund´s adjuvant caused a significant stimulus to the immune response, whereas immunization with the whole venom induced leakage of enzymes in muscle tissue together with local bleeding, edema and pain. Local reaction varied with successive inoculations, with bleeding and inflammation being a constant in all the cases, with formation of abscesses in the latter administrations. AST serum activity showed significant elevations, as long as LDH was increased in a highly significant way starting from the 3 h with a peak at 6 h and later descent at 24 h. The first vaccination induced significant CPK elevations at 3 h and a second at 24 h. Reduction of enzymatic activities were registered with the highest doses of venom, indicating that antibodies somehow prevented destruction of muscle fibers but not vascular damage, evidenced by bleeding observed in the latter inoculations. It is concluded that the intense local effects were caused by immunization (pain, hemorrhage and posterior fibrosis), suggesting the need of development of new immunization methods in order to minimize adverse effects in anti-venom donor horses.

Keywords : horse; immunization; muscular enzymes.

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