Abstract

CABRERA, AM; BETANCOURT, DA  and  CARRILLO, NG. Description of a clinical case of canine leishmaniasis. Rev. vet. [online]. 2021, vol.32, n.2, pp.242-245. ISSN 1669-6840.  http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/vet.3225752.

Leishmanias is a disease considered parasitic caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, spread through the bite of infected insects of the Phlebotomidae family. As mentioned by the World Health Organization, it is believed that its incidence is high as the years go by zoonotic-type disease. The pathology and epidemiology of leishmaniasis can be shown depending on the sp of the parasite, of the ecological typologies of the areas where it is transmitted, and of the previous and present exposure to the parasite. Therefore, it occurs in a visceral form known as kalaazar, having a high mortality rate when not treated, since it can cause outbreaks that lead to death, characterized by the presence of abnormal events of pyrexia, weight loss, anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly. One of the most frequent forms is leishmaniasis is the cutaneous one which causes ulcers at the cutaneous level, which are the cause of serious disability; mucocutaneous leishmaniasis which induces the partial or total loss of the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat area. Cases of leishmaniasis have been found in most countries, with the following factors such as subtropical and tropical regions or Mediterranean climates, since the presence of the Phlebotomidae family is high, migratory populations due to the incidence that it entails. In relation to the diagnostic techniques used for the identification of leishmaniasis, morphological techniques or antigenic detection techniques are applied. Leishmanias is a disease considered parasitic caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, spread through the bite of infected insects of the Phlebotomidae family. As mentioned by the World Health Organization, it is believed that its incidence is high as the years go by. zoonotic-type disease. The pathology and epidemiology of leishmaniasis can be shown depending on the sp of the parasite, of the ecological typologies of the areas where it is transmitted and of the previous and present exposure to the parasite. Therefore, it occurs in a visceral form known as kalaazar, having a high mortality rate when not treated, since it can cause outbreaks that lead to death, characterized by the presence of abnormal events of pyrexia, weight loss, anemia, and hepato-splenomegaly. One of the most frequent forms is Leishmaniasis is the cutaneous one which causes ulcers at the cutaneous level, which are the cause of serious disability; Muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis which induces the partial or total loss of the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat area. Cases of leishmaniasis have been found in most countries, with the following factors such as subtropical and tropical regions or Mediterranean climates, since the presence of the Phlebotomidae family is high, migratory populations due to the incidence that it entails. In relation to the diagnostic techniques used for the identification of leishmaniasis, morphological techniques or antigenic detection techniques are applied.

Keywords : leishmaniasis; protozoan; phlebotomidae; zoonotic.

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