Abstract

MACHETTI, Natalia et al. Effect of liming on soil chemical and physical properties and on soybean yield (glycine max). Cienc. suelo [online]. 2019, vol.37, n.2, pp.378-382. ISSN 1850-2067.

The Argentine Pampean region suffers an accelerated acidification of its soils as consequence of its productive history and the technology applied in recent decades. Liming experiences in Buenos Aires and Santa Fe showed variable effects on the increase of pH and saturation of bases, improving physical properties and crops performance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of different doses of basic liming on pH, organic carbon, water dynamics, bulk density, resistance to penetration, yield of soybean and its components. The tests were carried out in two soils of the Rolling Pampa, an Argiudoll with pH 5.66 and a Paleudoll with pH 5.44, in completely random blocks with 3 repetitions. The treatments were 0 (TCY), 1000 (D1CY) and 4000 (D4CY) kg ha^-1 of dolomite all with 200 kg ha^-1 of gypsum. Soybeans were planted 3 months and 1 month after liming in the Argiudol and in the Paleudol respectively. The evaluated variables were pH, total organic carbon (TOC), basic infiltration (Bi), bulk density (BD), resistance to penetration (PR), yield (R) and its components: plants/hectare (PL ha^-1), pods/plant (V PL^-1), grains/pod (G V^-1), grains/ plant (G PL^-1) and weight of 1000 grains (P 1000G). In the Argiudoll and Paleudoll, the D4CY treatment produced an increase in pH with respect to TCY. The TOC did not show differences between the treatments. The Bi increased for the two soils with D4CY with respect to TCY. The BD decreased with D4CY in the Argiudoll. The addition of dolomite produced a decrease in PL ha^-1, an increase in the rest of the components and resulted in an increase in yield of 45% with D4CY in Paleudoll.

Keywords : anthropic acidity; dolomite; liming.