Abstract

MUSCIO, Hernán Juan. El registro arqueológico de la quebrada de Urcuro, puna de Salta, Argentina, en una perspectiva evolucionista. Intersecciones antropol. [online]. 2013, vol.14, n.1, pp.83-92. ISSN 1850-373X.

This paper, after discussing the formation processes of the archaeological record of the gorge of Urcuro (in the SAC Valley region, puna of Argentina), presents the information of the site Urcuro-1 (ca 1500 yr BP), discussing some of the processes and patterns of evolutionary change of the societies with food production niches of the initial Late-Holocene period in the region. Architecturally, Urcuro-1 is similar to other sites with comparable chronologies from this region and from northern Chile. The record presents, in a radiocarbonically brief occupation, ceramics phylogenetically related to the early pottery of the puna of Argentina and northern Chile. The evidence shows the adaptive role in this occupation of a high-return hunting strategy, the selectivity of high-quality but fluctuating local environments, and the use of non-local raw materials. Cladistic analysis documents a discontinuity between the ceramics of Urcuro and the San Francisco Tradition, which predominated in the region around the 2000 yr BP. It is proposed that the dynamics of cultural evolution during the initial Late-Holocene in the Valley of SAC resulted from the joint action of cultural transmission and the colonization of fluctuating environments by low viable human populations coming from source populations with different geographical origins.

Keywords : Puna of Argentina; Formative; Economic transition; Early ceramics.

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