Abstract

CASTRO, JI; VALERIO, J  and  HERRERA, S. Hand’s subungueal melanoma: A case report. Rev. argent. dermatol. [online]. 2016, vol.97, n.2, pp.47-56. ISSN 1851-300X.

Introduction: melanoma is considered a biologically aggressive neoplasm. It’s more common in the 6th decade. Subungual melanoma corresponding to 0.7-3.5% of all melanomas. The most common locations are hallux, thumb, index and ring. Clinically, it presents as an asymptomatic melanonychia. Case Report: male aged 67 who consulted for striated melanonychia fourth finger left hand. Biopsy histopathological study reports malignant melanoma. Complete resection of the lesion was performed with amputation of distal phalanx. Patient evolves satisfactorily. Discussion: this melanoma originates from the nail matrix. Although it has been proposed partnership with traumas, its etiology is unclear. Hasn’t been able to establish an association with race, skin type and sun exposure, as in other melanoma’s types. Histologically it is characterized by a proliferation of atypical melanocytes or fusiform with varying degrees of invasion. Some injuries are pigmented and others may be amelanotic. Should be established the differential diagnosis with hematomas, osteomyelitis, onychomycosis, pyogenic granuloma, paronychia, among other injuries. Some prognostic factors include depth of invasion, mitotic rat, ulceration, proliferation index among others. The delay in diagnosis of subungual melanoma determines a poor prognosis. The treatment aims to surgery in early stages, with evaluation of sentinel node. But now referred to new drugs that modify the immune response or that involve its cellular metabolism thus taking the first steps to modify the natural history of this disease.

Keywords : Subungual melanoma; Acral lentiginous melanoma; Malignant melanoma; Melanonychia; Treatment.