Abstract

MARTINEZ, A et al. Sebaceoma. Case report. Rev. argent. dermatol. [online]. 2022, vol.103, n.3, pp.1-10. ISSN 1851-300X.

Sebaceoma is a rare sebaceous gland tumor, named by Troy and Ackerman in 1984. A possible alteration in the Wnt / beta-catenin signaling pathway has been linked to its etiology and would play an important role in genesis of some tumors, including sebaceous. It is clinically characterized by being an exophytic lesion, most commonly of a solitary, yellowish appearance, which appears in seborrheic areas, although the symptoms can be very heterogeneous. When tumors are multiple in the same patient, we must rule out the presence of Muir-Torre syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder that is associated with the presence of internal malignancies. In Sebaceoma dermoscopy, an amorphous yellowish erythematous area is generally found, which suggests the sebaceous etiology of the lesion, but currently the definitive diagnosis can only be confirmed with histopathology.

The differential diagnosis is made mainly with sebaceous adenoma, taking into account the percentage of germ cells or immature lobes, being less than 50% in sebaceous adenoma and more than 50% in sebaceoma, the latter also tends to be of greater size and depth. The treatment of choice is surgical removal, although electrodesiccation, cryotherapy, or curettage can also be used.

It was decided to report the case of a female patient with an infrequent sebaceous tumor, making a review of the clinical and histopathological characteristics that help us decrease the difficulties in diagnosis.

Keywords : sebaceoma; sebomatricoma; Muir-Torre síndrome.

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