Abstract

VIZGARRA, Oscar N.; PLOPER, L. Daniel; GHIO, Ana C.  and  PEREZ, Andrea. TUC 510: New variety of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with high tolerance to viruses in Northwestern Argentina. Rev. ind. agríc. Tucumán [online]. 2006, vol.83, n.1-2, pp.39-47. ISSN 1851-3018.

In the warmer areas of Northwestern Argentina, Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) and Bean dwarf mosaic virus (BDMV) constitute the main sanitary constraints to production. The objective of this work is to present a new cultivar of black dry edible bean that has high levels of tolerance to these viruses and that could replace commercial varieties already grown in Northwestern Argentina. In 1995, eight advanced lines of black dry edible bean from the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) were introduced. These were tested in comparison with commercial controls NAG 12, Camilo, TUC 390 and TUC 500. From 1997 to 2000, the lines were evaluated in yield comparative trials in Monte Redondo and La Cocha (Tucuman) and Campichuelo (Salta). In every trial, a randomized complete block design was applied, and tests of individual variance and homogeneity of variance (Levenne's test) were conducted. Each plot consisted of four six-meter-long lines, set at 0,70 m away from each other, with a plant density of 16 plants per meter. Assessment parameters were: a) during the whole cycle: virus complex tolerance and vegetative and reproductive adaptation, and b) during harvest: yield (kg/ ha) and commercial quality. Genotype TUC 510 was found to exhibit the highest yield levels, both general and particular in each location, with an average rate of 1470 kg/ha. Moreover, this cultivar was outstanding for its tolerance to BGMV and BDMV (3.0) and its capacity of adaptation (3.0) to the evaluated environmental conditions. These features justify the official registration of TUC 500 as a new variety of black dry edible bean.

Keywords : BGMV; BDMV; Genetic improvement; Yield comparative trials.

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