Abstract

GRAFFIGNA, M.N et al. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescent students from Buenos Aires. Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab. [online]. 2010, vol.47, n.2, pp.14-20. ISSN 1851-3034.

Obesity in the infancy is associated with dyslipidemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance and early development of cardiovascular risk. Abdominal obesity associated with metabolic syndrome predisposes to diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Insulin resistance is present in this syndrome and should be evaluated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular risk (dyslipidemia, hypertensión and obesity) and metabolic risk markers (apolipoprotein B and high sensitivity C-reactive protein) in this group of adolescents. We evaluated 943 adolescents from high school (429 women y 541men), ages between 11 and 14. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure were determined in all subjects. Fasting serum concentrations of glucose, lipids, apolipoprotein B (apoB) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured. Boys showed higher weight (p= 0.004), higher WC (p= 0.0002) and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p= 0.008 y p= 0.002)) than girls. They also showed higher glycemia (p= 0.04) and lower HDLcolesterol levels (p= 0.004). There were no differences in triglycerides, hs-CRP and apo B levels between both sexes. The frequency of MS was 5.45% in males and 1.63% in females. The group with MS had higher weight, BMI, WC, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as higher glucose and triglycerides and lower HDL-cholesterol levels Although no differences in hs-CRP were observed between groups, hs-CRP correlated with WC (r=0.14, p<0.001) and BMI (r=0.17, p< 0.001). ApoB levels were higher in the group with MS (p= 0.001). In conclusion this study shows the presence of MS and cardiovascular risk factors with high apo B levels at early age. Early detection of children and adolescents with metabolic abnormalities should be useful to implement strategies to avoid the development of cardiovascular disease in later life.

Keywords : Metabolic syndrome; Cardiovascular risk; Dyslipemia; Obesity; Adolescents.

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