Abstract

SAUERWALD, Gregor. Kant resurrected: Together with Hegel’s rebirth during the last generations of the Critical Theory.  To the necessity of committing to the idea of moral progress and the utopia of a plural cosmopolitan society of rights. Estud. filos. práct. hist. ideas [online]. 2011, vol.13, n.1, pp.79-89. ISSN 1851-9490.

In the context of the question for the fate of the Critical Theory, the debate between Axel Honneth and Jürgen Habermas on the change in the paradigm of Social and Political Philosophy with the thesis "from communication to recognition" here revolves around a critical reconstruction of Immanuel Kant’s philosophy, a ‘moderated’ Kant in an ‘explanatory’ or ‘hermeneutic’ model, and so ‘unsurpassable’ moral progress, breaking his system, and a ‘distranscended’ Kant, suitable to substantiate the need for a dialogue between reason and faith. Why Kant and not Georg Hegel, the latter being central for the two German philosophers in their overcoming of the aporias of the first generation of the Critical Theory? But where it remains Karl Marx, so important to the founders of the Frankfurt School? And in 2009, on the occasion of the anniversary of his disciple, had not Habermas demanded that Honneth, after his journey from Marx to Hegel, made the necessary back? In such a way that in this return, Honneth brought the salvage of German Idealism in his luggage. This way the history of the Critical Theory remains incomplete.

Keywords : Critical theory; Recognition; Communication; Progress (Moral); Reason; Faith.

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