Abstract

LOSTRA, J. et al. Causas poco frecuentes de obstrucción en la salida gástrica en Pediatría: Utilidad de la ecografía. Rev. argent. radiol. [online]. 2015, vol.79, n.1, pp.32-39. ISSN 1852-9992.

The stomach is easily observed in an ultrasound (US) exam when is filled with liquid. The US scan protocol includes longitudinal and transversal views of the stomach, evaluating the muscular wall thickness (normal up to 3mm) and the gastric outlet. Causes of gastric outlet obstruction can be intrinsic, extrinsic or from the stomach wall. In children, the commonest cause is the hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.The aim of this work is to show the usefulness of ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis of gastric outlet obstruction of uncommon cause. We present 7 patients from 9 months to 12 years old, studied in our hospital between 2009 and 2012, who presented gastric outlet obstruction symptoms. US showed thickening of the stomach muscular wall, filling of the stomach lumen or a mass in close relationship with the stomach wall. Granulomatous disease, gastric duplication with heterotopy, focal intestinal metaplasia, chronic gastritis, Burkitt lymphoma, duplication cyst, pancreatic ectopic tissue and bezoar were found in our serie. Gastric outlet obstruction (nonbilius emesis) in children is an entity that must be studied with detail through US including the pyloric channel and the gastric antrum. Endoscopy guided biopsy is conclusive in most of the cases avoiding the need for an Upper GI study and, in many cases, the need for a CT scan.

Keywords : Gastric outlet obstruction; Vomiting; Ultrasonography; Child.

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