Abstract

MARIANO, J. et al. Rol de la ecografía en la evaluación de la cortical ósea. Rev. argent. radiol. [online]. 2016, vol.80, n.2, pp.127-135. ISSN 1852-9992.

Ultrasound is the best choice to evaluate soft tissues and the muscular system because of its accessibility, low cost and portability. Historically, the assumption has been that because ultrasound waves cannot penetrate bone, it is not useful in the evaluation of the skeletal system and its diseases. Radiologists admit that one of the very few tissue types which ultrasound cannot evaluate is bone. There is, of course, much truth in this, but recent studies suggest that ultrasound can provide valuable diagnostic information regarding the state of bone in some circumstances. The high reflectivity of sound at the bone-soft tissue interface is what allows the bone surface to be visualised. Valuable diagnostic information can be obtained by exploring bone surface in detail. The fact that bone tumours manifest themselves as periosteal reactions makes them easily recognisable by ultrasound, with the additional advantage if using Doppler colour. Bone fractures could be seen as interruptions of the bone continuity, and degenerative diseases should be suspected when an irregular surface is observed. Likewise, other pathologies such as avulsion fractures, bone callus stemming from previous processes, and even stress fractures can be identified. In this pictorial essay different cases are presented of musculoskeletal ultrasound in which bone surface was evaluated and abnormalities discovered, making a diagnosis or suggesting an additional test.

Keywords : Ultrasound; Bone; Cortex.

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