Abstract

MARIANO, Jimena et al. All about a little known entity: post transplant lymphoproliferative syndrome. Rev. argent. radiol. [online]. 2023, vol.87, n.2, pp.54-65. ISSN 1852-9992.  http://dx.doi.org/10.24875/rar.22000043.

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative diseases in behave of posttransplant immunosuppression, which ranges from relatively benign lymphoid hyperplasia to poorly differentiated lymphoma, affecting different organs with fatal evolution, eventually. PTLD constitutes a disease with an increasing incidence and detection, estimating its development between 1 and 20% of transplant patients. Although it is based on a multifactorial etiology, the main factors associated with the development of PTLD are the degree of immunosuppression and the Epstein Barr virus (EBV). Most cases of this disorder occur during the first year posttransplant, however, the risk of developing is included in the next 5 to 10 years. The clinical presentation is variable, and the patient may be asymptomatic, or with nonspecific manifestations such as fever, lymphadenopathy, or digestive symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose this entity from clinical suspicion. Imaging plays a fundamental role in diagnosis of PTLD, with the computed tomography (CT) being the most widely used. Findings can mimic those lymphoproliferative processes in patients with no transplant and should be suspect in every transplant patient with nodal affection, such as retroperitoneum and mesenteric¸ or extranodal compromise, like gastrointestinal tract, solid organs, and central nervous system. The aim of this paper is to revise all about the PTLD trough different imaging methods and to know the importance of its suspicion and diagnosis.

Keywords : Transplant; Post-transplant lymphoproliferative syndrome; Oncology.

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