Abstract

BERMEO, Fernanda M. Aguirre. Bauhaus en perspectiva: la evolución y persistencia de una idea. Una mirada al espacio doméstico moderno. Cuad. Cent. Estud. Diseñ. Comun., Ensayos [online]. 2022, n.113, pp.126-158.  Epub June 01, 2022. ISSN 1853-3523.  http://dx.doi.org/10.18682/cdc.vi113.4249.

The Bauhaus is the most important -if not, the most known- School of art and design of the 20th century. But the history of the School is as complex as the personalities on its scene. Looking at its evolution shows this.

Despite the relatively short time of existence the School made important contributions in the field of design, art and architecture, while forming minds and criteria of inevitable reverberation.

Among all his contributions, this study intends to focus on the construction of living space. Thus, the work below provides a look at the evolution of the perception around the domestic space. For this, it uses the historical thread as a base in order to establish connections between this perceptions at each moment of the School and the architectural events produced inside and outside of it. At the risk of appearing to be mere coincidences between those, either because society succumbed to obsessive industrialization and its consequent dynamics and therefore demanded a single direction of thought, or because they could be assumed as isolated facts the construction of the point of view suggested, intends to add a value: persistence. This being the inherent capacity in experimentation and in the construction -in this case- of the domestic space. An attempt will be to touch one of the dimensions of the Bauhaus where the promulgated design, art and architecture appear strongly fused: in the domestic space.

It could be seen that the process of unifying art and industry -afterwards, art and artist, art and society- started with an ideology that would evolve and would become an inherent persistence in the criterion of modern form: the total construction of space without any element left undefined, thus understanding that the scale is only one of its dimensions. At this point it can be stated that the true experience of the School is portrayed in its students and also in the architects who, despite not having gone through the School, exercised architecture through their influence. They and their works are perhaps the true protagonists and those who realize that beyond the Institution, the ideals persisted in the spirit of total art along with architecture. The design of the living space perhaps could not have been felt if it were not through its contributions.

Keywords : domestic space; living space; art and technology; art and architecture; Bauhaus housing..

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