Abstract

SERRANO, Adriana Alejandra García. De la Escuela de Párvulos No. 2 al Kindergarten “Pestalozzi”: materialidad de una escuela en la ciudad de México, 1885-1918. Hist. educ. anu. [online]. 2020, vol.21, n.1, pp.34-49. ISSN 2313-9277.

Nursery schools in Mexico City had their origin around 1880. One of their objectives was to protect young children from humble classes from staying alone at home for long hours while their parents worked, however they gradually acquired a previous educational function to elementary school. In 1880 the opening of the Nursery School No. 1 was ordered and in 1885 the nursery schools no. 2 and 3, in the same year the creation of the fourth school of this type was approved. In 1904 the first Kindergärten were established in the capital, although it was in 1907 that the Secretary of Public Instruction decreed the change of name of nursery schools to that of Kindergärten and they were assigned names. In this way the Nursery School No. 2 was named Kindergarten "Pestalozzi". This article analyzes the transition of this school, showing that it was not only a name change; it also involved a pedagogical change and the gradual conformation and transformation of its school materiality. This work will contribute to the historical understanding of how the first schools for children under the age of 6 were developed. The methodological perspective is from the cultural history, specifically the monitoring of specific schools. For this, various bibliographic sources and archival documents such as inventories, school directories, offices and regulations were studied; as well as “Boletines de Justicia e Instrucción Pública” and “Boletines de Instrucción Pública y Bellas Artes”.

Keywords : nursery schools; Kindergarten; childhood; education history; school materiality.

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