Abstract

MORALES, Florencia S.. Unequal labor insertions of working class women and men in the Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires in 2015/16 and the relationship with their labor trajectories. Estud. trab. [online]. 2022, n.64, pp.118-159. ISSN 0327-5744.

This paper analyzes the link between social class and gender as mechanisms generating inequality in the labor market of the Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA). The analysis is based on data from a survey conducted on a probability sample of the AMBA population in 2015/16 that surveyed current occupational position and the complete labor trajectory of males and females between 25 and 65 years of age. We address with new empirical evidence classic questions of class and labor market studies: Is there an unequal gender distribution of people in the class structure? What are the typical occupations of men and women that explain gender inequality in labor markets? Are women more likely to be inserted in informal occupations along their trajectories? To answer these research questions, the first objective of the article is to analyze comparatively the distribution of women and men in the AMBA class structure at the time of the survey (synchronic analysis objective). This analysis will provide a map of the articulation between class and gender in the AMBA in 2015, with a focused analysis of the typical occupations in each class and class segment for males and females. In a second instance, the article proposes a diachronic analysis of women's labor trajectories with the objective of understanding the typical occupational paths to class and informality positions at the time of the survey. Overall, the analysis confirms that, while social class is a central articulator of inequality in contemporary societies, gender reinforces these patterns of inequality, placing women in more informal and routine occupations. In particular, we show that women are mostly inserted in unprotected occupations, generally associated with low and irregular incomes and more limited possibilities for career development.

Keywords : Gender; Class; Segmentation; Labor trajectories.

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