Abstract

PENA, Beatriz Carolina. “Ella te aplastará la cabeza”: Santa Maria de Guadalupe defeats the serpent on the feast of Potosi (1601). Recial [online]. 2022, vol.13, n.22, pp.198-235.  Epub Dec 08, 2022. ISSN 2718-658X.  http://dx.doi.org/10.53971/2718.658x.v13.n22.39356.

In Potosí, on September 30, 1601, one of the paratheatrical segments of thejuego de la sortija, a tournament that occurred in the festivities in honor of Saint Mary of Guadalupe, was designed to prove that when God cursed the serpent in Genesis 3:15 and predicted that its head would be crushed, He referred to Mary as the enemy of the temptress and that, in effect, it was the Virgin who executed this act of dominion over Evil. The visual discourse, encrypted in a dense but entertaining performance, opposed Luther's teachings and, in general, the condemnations of the Protestants, who perceived Mariolatry in that attribution. For Lutherans, Genesis 3:15 is a Protoevangelium, that is, a prophecy only about the coming of Christ to restore humanity from sin. This work analyzes the emblem, the processional float, the characters, and other elements of the iconographical program of the Príncipe Tartáreo to decode the symbolic elements that, in a Counter-Reformation effort, attributed to the Virgin Mary a crucial role in salvation.

Keywords : Colonial festivals; Saint Mary of Guadalupe; Friar Diego de Ocaña; juego de la sortija; Counter-Reformation.

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