Abstract

ACOSTA GARCIA, Edgar. Obesity, adipose tissue and insulin resistance. Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam. [online]. 2012, vol.46, n.2, pp.183-194. ISSN 0325-2957.

The adipose tissue of obese subjects is infiltrated by more macrophages that in normal-weigth subjects. These macrophages are probably attracted to the adipose tissue due to the death of adipocyte hipertrophy or by the secretion of proinflammatory citokynes. During obesity, the adipose tissue releases adipokines like TNF-a and IL-6, promoting a proinflammatory environment. The release of TNF-a and IL-6 is higher in visceral adipose tissue than in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Among the most commonly described adipose tissue inflammatory factors associated with insulin resistance are TNF-a and IL-6, which are positively correlated with adipocyte size. During obesity, the adipose tissue releases adipokines like TNF-a and IL-6, promoting a proinflammatory environment. The release of TNF-a and IL-6 is higher in visceral adipose tissue than in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Among the most commonly described adipose tissue inflammatory factors associated with insulin resistance are TNF-a and IL-6, which are positively correlated with adipocyte size. During obesity, there is a state of oxidative stress with high levels of reactive oxygen species, which has been defined as the link between obesity and insulin resistence which keeps the inflammatory environment due the activation of transcription factor NF-kB, which is involved in induced expression of the cytokine proinflammatory gene.

Keywords : Obesity; Adipose tissue; Proinflammatory cytokines.

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