Resumen

ESPECHE, Clara M.; VIZGARRA, Oscar N.  y  PLOPER, L. Daniel. Evaluation and selection of new Kabuli type chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars for Northwestern Argentina. Rev. ind. agric. Tucumán [online]. 2014, vol.91, n.1, pp.11-17. ISSN 1851-3018.

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the third most important leguminous crop in the world. There are two types of chickpea, Kabuli and Desi, which differ mainly in certain seed and plant features, as well as in their general behavior against adverse biotic and abiotic factors. Only Kabuli type cultivars are planted in Argentina. In this paper, new Kabuli type chickpea genotypes are described, which stood out due to their good agronomic behavior, plant architecture adapted to direct harvest, superior yield and grain commercial quality. These genotypes were selected from chickpea germplasm introduced from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), in Syria, by Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), from 2002 onwards. Nurseries with elite lines were first planted as observation plots in La Ramada (Tucumán, Argentina). Lines were evaluated and selected based on plant architecture, phenology, adaptation, yield, and grain quality. Sixteen lines, selected form nurseries introduced in 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2006 were included in a Preliminary Test, evaluated in 2008 in La Ramada. These genotypes were then incorporated in Regional Yield Tests planted in 2009, 2010, and 2011 at two sites each year. In all cases, the cultivar Norteño was used as the control. As a result of all these evaluations, some genotypes stood up for their yield and grain quality. Seed size (100-seed weight) varied from 32 g to 44 g and number of days from planting to flowering and from planting to fructification varied from 98 to 114 and from 120 to 151 days, respectively. Some of these genotypes, such as TUC 203, TUC 416, TUC 434 and TUC 234, will soon be registered at the National Seed Institute (INASE) since they are considered to have the potential to become commercial cultivars suitable for Northwestern Argentina.

Palabras clave : Evaluation; Plant breeding; ICARDA.

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