Resumen

ALCALA, Jorge et al. Mitigation of the environmental impact of the atmospheric dust through Prosopis laevigata and Schinus molle, San Luis Potosí, México. Multequina [online]. 2011, vol.20, n.2, pp.83-96. ISSN 1852-7329.

In ecological systems the vegetation, by means of its capacity and potential of bioindication, is a viable element to assess the environmental pollution. In order to determine the capacity of atmospheric dust retention in vegetative species, it was developed a study considering the species of mesquite (Prosopis leavigata) and pirul (Schinus molle) in the municipalities of Soledad de Graciano Sánchez and San Luis Potosí, determining an ecological corridor of 35.5 km, where the distribution of a rural / urban area converge. This section was divided into five dominant land use: farming, rural residential, trade and services, urban residential and mining. Samples were taken from leaf material of these species in 30 points. The sampling was carried out during 2009-2010, considering summer, autumn, winter and spring seasons. A General Linear Model was designed, considering an α ≤ 0.05 for the possible effect of site, species and season, as well as their possible interactions with the retention of particulate matter sediments (PMS). It was demonstrated that the site (p = 0.005), season (p = 0.000) and species (p = .039), as well as the interactions between season-species (p = 0.000) and site-season-species (p = 0.006) were significant. The Site that best explains the effect was the area of trade and service, with an average of 0.1196 ± 0.016 (g/kg dry matter). The season with more effect was the 2010 spring with an average of 0.138 ± 0.014 (g/kg dry matter). In the case of the species, the one that had more effect was the mesquite, with an average of 0.097 ± 0.010 (g/kg dry matter). With the results obtained it we identified that the immersed dynamic in this ecological corridor, as well as the seasonal and land use variants, affect the response of species in the retention of particulate matter sediments, asserting the bioindicative capacity for future studies.

Palabras clave : Bioindicators; Land use; Foliar matter; Particulate matter sediments.

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