Resumen

SELETTI, Maximiliano; PENDINO, Ana  y  LOMBARDO, Ernesto. Análisis de las características demográficas de 94 pacientes con fracturas articulares de calcáneo. Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol. [online]. 2023, vol.88, n.1, pp.59-65. ISSN 1852-7434.  http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15417/issn.1852-7434.2023.88.1.1662.

Objective: To analyze the demographic characteristics of patients with articular calcaneal fractures in connection with trauma mechanisms and fracture patterns, according to the Sanders and Essex-Lopresti classifications. Materials and Methods: 94 patients and 111 articular calcaneal fractures were evaluated retrospectively, analyzing the following variables: age, gender, fractured side, mechanism of trauma, and associated injuries. The patients were initially evaluated through foot radiographs (anteroposterior and lateral) and axial computerized tomography with multiplanar reconstruction. Demographic data were analyzed combined with the types of fracture. Results: 94 patients (78 men and 16 women) who presented 105 intra-articular calcaneal fractures (11.7% were bilateral) were evaluated. The average age was 40.1±12.5 years. 9.8% of the fractures were caused by high-level falls and 20.1% by traffic accidents. 9.5% had associated injuries. The patients with bilateral fractures presented more associated injuries (p = 0.0123) and the same fracture pattern and Sanders type in both feet. The Sanders classification and Essex Lopresti patterns were unrelated to age, gender, and trauma mechanism. Conclusion: Calcaneal fractures are more frequent in male and young patients, and the most common trauma mechanism is a high-level fall. Patients with bilateral fractures present a higher rate of associated injuries and the same Sanders type fracture and Essex-Lopresti pattern in both feet.

Palabras clave : Calcaneal fractures; intra-articular; demographic features; epidemiology.

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