Resumen

GIMENES FERNANDES, Marcos; DOS SANTOS ABREU, Izamar; ALCANTARA, Jehnnifer  y  NEVES NUNES, Sandra Adriana. Efeito isolado e combinado do sexo, tipo de esporte e experiência competitiva sobre as habilidades psicológicas. Educ. fís. cienc. [online]. 2019, vol.21, n.2, pp.79-79. ISSN 2314-2561.  http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24215/23142561e079.

Psychological skills may have effects of isolated and/or combined nominal variables explaining their variability in some way. The present study had the following objectives: i) to examine the unique effect of context, competitive experience, type of sport and gender on the use of psychological abilities, ii) to verify the combined or interactive effect of gender, competitive experience and type of sport on psychological skills and iii) to investigate the predictive power of the explanatory variables (gender, type of sport and competitive experience) on the psychological variables, in the contexts of training and competition. The participants were 357 athletes between 18 and 40 years old (M = 25.69, SD = 5.61), 278 males and 79 females. The Brazilian version of the Test of Performance Strategies-2 was applied one hour before the competition. Gender, type of sports and competitive experience had significant effect on relaxation, emotional control and goal setting. Gender was also the only predictor of relaxation, in the training situation, and of emotional control and of relaxation, in the competitive situation. Type of sport and competitive experience were good predictors of goal setting in the training situation, while in the competitive situation, only competitive experience predicted goal setting. In addition, the context (training or competition) had a significant effect on goal setting, automaticity, relaxation and imagery. The interaction between gender/type of sports had an effect on self talk (training), and type of sports/competitive experience had an effect on relaxation (training and competition) and activation (competition). Finally, competitive experience/gender had a significant and combined effect on goal setting (training). These results were discussed, taking into account the theoretical and practical implications for the planning of interventions in the field of Sports Psychology in Brazil.

Palabras clave : TOPS-2; Psychological skills; Gender; Competitive experience; Type of sport.

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