Resumo

DIAZ, Benjamín Doncel et al. Neurotropic bovine astrovirus-associated encephalitis: An underdiagnosed diseasein South America?. Rev. argent. microbiol. [online]. 2022, vol.54, n.2, pp.41-50. ISSN 0325-7541.

We describe a case of neurotropic bovine astrovirus-associated encephalitis in a Jer-sey dairy cow from the department of San José, Uruguay. This represents the second case of thiscondition reported in the Southern Hemisphere. The cow was the only one affected in a herd of70 cows, showing neurological signs with a 2-day clinical course, before dying spontaneously.Histopathological examination revealed lymphocytic, histiocytic, and plasmacytic meningoen-cephalitis with neuronal necrosis, without detectable inclusion bodies. Other infectious agents,including Rabies virus (Lyssavirus), Bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 and Bovine alphaherpesvirus-5(Varicellovirus), Bovine viral diarrhea virus (Pestivirus), West Nile virus (Flavivirus), Listeriamonocytogenes, Histophilus somni and other bacteria, were not detected in the brain. We pro-pose that given the recent discovery of neurotropic astroviruses in various mammalian species,including humans, cases of astrovirus encephalitis may have gone undetected in South America.We briefly discuss the differential pathologic diagnosis of infectious bovine encephalitis.

Palavras-chave : Bovine astrovirus; Dairy cows; Neurological disease; Uruguay.

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