Resumo

DAVID, María A.; LIGIER, H.D.  e  SANCHEZ, E.E.. Distribución radical en plantaciones de kiwi (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa) en el sudeste bonaerense y su implicancia en el manejo racional del riego. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2022, vol.48, n.2, pp.126-131. ISSN 1669-2314.

Currently, 50% of the surface planted with kiwifruit in Argentina is concentrated in the southeast of Buenos Aires province. The crop is sensitive to water stress and requires irrigation for its production. However, irrigation is carried out without taking into consideration the characteristics of the soil and the volume explored by the roots. The objectives of this work were: i) to characterize the soils of 7 establishments of kiwifruit producers (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa “Hayward”) located in Sierra de los Padres, Mar del Plata, Batán, Miramar and Mar del Sur; ii) estimate the density, occupation by fine (≤ 2 mm) and coarse (> 2 mm) roots on the vertical axis. Root distribution was determined by excavating the soil parallel to the tree row 0.6 m from the trunk between October and November 2016. A frame of 1 x 0.70 m divided into 0.10 x 0.10 m cells was placed on the wall of each hole. The number of fine and coarse roots in each cell was counted. From these data the density (number of roots) and the percentage of occupation (uniformity) of total roots, fine and coarse, for each layer of 0.1 m depth of the soil were calculated. The distribution of kiwifruit roots was in the first 40 cm of the soil, with the crop presenting a surface root system. The highest density of roots was observed in the first 20 cm of soil depth, and the highest occupation in the first 40 cm. The observed results corresponded with loamy soils in the first 40 cm of the soil and clay loam to clay below with a Bt horizon. It is concluded that the effective depth of the roots represents a useful determination to be taken into account for the best management of irrigation water.

Palavras-chave : roots; frame; density; occupation; limitations..

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