Resumo

CORRENDO, ADRIÁN ALEJANDRO; BOXLER, MIGUEL  e  GARCIA, FERNANDO OSCAR. ANÁLISIS ECONÓMICO DEL MANEJO DE LA FERTILIZACIÓN CON ENFOQUE EN EL LARGO PLAZO. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2015, vol.33, n.2. ISSN 1850-2067.

Concepts behind the best management practices of crop nutrition include production, economics, as well as social and environmental aspects. All of these should be considered in the development process of fertilizer recommendations. This paper is a study of some of the economic aspects related to the N, P and S fertilization in corn (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] crops. For this purpose, a series of data, gathered from five on-farm experiments in the north-central pampas region of Argentina between cropping seasons 2000/01 and 2013/14 cropping seasons, were analyzed. Treatments consisted of four nutrient combinations (PS, NS, NP, and NPS) and a Check treatment. The economic performance indices were EAP (kg grain kg applied nutrient^-1), MBP (US$ ha^-1) and RI (US$ US$^-1). The soil fertility level, cropping history, rotation and yield level determined site-specific responses, efficiencies and economic performances. The most profitable was the NPS treatment, except in cases with high initial soil P level, where the NS treatment was the best option. These treatments generated profits from 77 (NS, RI = 1,64) to 392 US$ ha^-1 y^-1 (NPS, RI=2,38). On average, nutrients with a larger cumulative economic impact were N (MBP=1365 US$ ha^-1, RI=1,8), and S (MBP=1282 US$ ha^-1, RI=4,6), compared to P fertilization (MBP=642 US$ ha^-1, RI=1,3). However, P fertilization generated residual effects on the soil P level whose estimated value ranged from +255 to +418 US$ ha^-1. Under a long term approach, these results highlight the profitability of fertilization management under a build-up and maintenance criterion.

Palavras-chave : Crop; nutrition.

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