Resumo

MARTINEZ, Gustavo et al. Primeros resultados de la localidad arqueológica "El puma" (curso inferior del río Colorado, Pcia. de Buenos Aires). Comechingonia [online]. 2012, vol.16, n.1, pp.185-205. ISSN 1851-0027.

The El Puma archaeological locality (Villarino district, Buenos Aires province, Argentina) is located in the Pampean-Patagonian transition, lower basin of the Colorado River. The four investigated sites are located in settings dominated by dune systems spatially related to ancient geomorphic structures and paleochannels of the Colorado river valley. The archaeological materials were recovered in both stratigraphic and surface contexts. Geoarchaeological studies indicate that sealed deposits have low resolution and archaeological integrity. Surface materials (mainly stone artifacts) are palimpsests distributed along blow outs. The chronology obtained for the locality is ca. 2200-1500 radiocarbon years BP. The objectives of this paper are to present the results of stratigraphic and geoarchaeological analyses, discuss the chronology of the hunter -gatherers occupations, outline the techno-morphological trends of the lithic assemblage and the patterns inferred from the zooarchaeological studies, as well as those from the human skeletal remains recovered. Finally, these results are compared with a) the archaeological and behavioral model proposed for the area and b) with a geoarchaeological model that deals with differential preservation of landforms and their impact on the resolution and integrity of the archaeological record during the Early Late Holocene (ca. 3000-1000 years BP) for the study area.

Palavras-chave : Lower Stream of the Colorado River; Late Holocene; Hunter-gatherers; Geoarchaeology; Lithic; Zooarchaeology.

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