Resumo

GOLATO, Marcos A. et al. Methodology to calculate thermal efficiency of steam boilers. Rev. ind. agríc. Tucumán [online]. 2008, vol.85, n.2, pp.17-31. ISSN 1851-3018.

A deterministic mathematical method for processing experimental data, applied to a steam generator-air heater system in stationary state which operates with one or two fuels simultaneously, was developed to determine the thermal of the system, as well as fuel combustion and heat exchanger efficiency. The methodology is based on the resolution of matter and energy balances for each of the system components. This methodology can be applied to steam generators using bagasse, natural gas or both (as a blend) as fuels. Examples of thermal efficiency calculations, using data from several experimental tests on steam generators where each type of fuel processing occurs, are presented. The resolution of matter and energy balances in a boiler fired by bagasse gave a thermal efficiency of 53.2% and a rate of 1.38 kg of steam/ kg of bagasse. For a boiler fired by natural gas, a thermal efficiency of 76.7% and an index of 9.8 kg of steam/ Nm³ of natural gas, were obtained. For a boiler fired simultaneously by bagasse and natural gas, a yield of 68.3% and an index of 1.87 kg of steam/ kg of equivalent bagasse were recorded. To validate this methodology, these values were contrasted with the efficiency values obtained in accordance with the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) code.

Palavras-chave : Balances; Energy; Boilers; Yield; Particulate.

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