Resumo

MONOD NUNEZ, María Soledad et al. Frecuencia de enfermedad periodontal en pacientes adultos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Rev. Soc. Argent. Diabetes [online]. 2022, vol.56, n.1, pp.19-30. ISSN 0325-5247.

Introduction: periodontal disease (PD) is a risk factor in the genesis and evolution of numerous chronic systemic diseases, such as diabetes. Both share a complex evolution constituting a bidirectional relationship.

Objectives: to describe the frequency of PD in adult patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as its severity and extension at the time of initial diagnosis, its correlation with metabolic variables and signs of complications.

Materials and methods: cross-sectional study; 626 medical records of adult patients with T2D in Autonomous city of Buenos Aires and the province of Buenos Aires.

Results: the frequency of PD for the sample (n=614) was 98% (gingivitis and periodontitis), the relationship between men and women was 53/47%, respectively, mean age 57.7±10.4 years. The analysis between late referral, years of diabetes and severity were not significant (p=0.49; p=0.7). A positive correlation was observed with poor metabolic control for both HbA1c (p=0.02) and fasting glycemia, and the microalbuminuria/creatininuria ratio (p=0.0001). A relationship was found between health coverage categories, severity, and extension of PD (p=0.0001). Patients without health coverage presented more severe conditions.

Conclusions: the frequency of PD is highly significant in patients with T2D. A direct and significant correlation was found for HbA1c and microalbuminuria with respect to the severity and extension of PD, associated with microangiopathic alterations. New studies are needed on the analysis of metabolic markers of micro and macro vascular complications in association with periodontal disease.

Palavras-chave : type 2 diabetes mellitus; periodontal disease; frequency; inflammation.

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