Resumo

DOZORETZ, Daniel et al. Reacción paradojal secundaria a ingesta accidental de benzodiazepinas. Serie de casos. Acta toxicol. argent. [online]. 2023, vol.31, n.1, pp.4-4. ISSN 1851-3743.

Globally, medicines are the most frequently toxins involved in pediatric poisonings, and Benzodiazepines are the most fre-quent pharmacological group in those poisonings. The paradoxical reaction, secondary to Benzodiazepines exposure, is characterized by the presence of contrary expected sedative-hypnotic effects, and may present with restlessness, increased anxiety, hostility, and behav-ioral alterations, among others. The studies we found about this syndrome in pediatric patients describe it most frequently secondary to endovenous Midazolam, in the context of the conscious sedation to perform different procedures. The reasons why this reaction is generated have not been clarified, three hypotheses are postulated: the central cholinergic dysregulation, the increased Gabaergic tone in the limbic system, thalamus and hypothalamus and the serotonin imbalance. A series of 15 patients, between 1 year and 5 years old, accidentally exposed to Benzodiazepines, mainly Clonazepam and Lorazepam, to describe the characteristics of the paradoxical reaction secondary to Benzodiazepines exposure. In this case series, we observed with short latency and variable duration, up to 11 hours, the presence in order of frequency of: anxiety, irritability, screams, hostility and aggressive behaviors, inconsolable crying, inability to con-tain by their family members, irrational behaviors and psychomotor excitement, emotional disinhibition, hallucinations and increased talkativeness, frequently associated with ataxia.

Palavras-chave : Paradoxical Reaction; Children; Unintentional Intake; Clonazepam; Lorazepam.

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